July 19, 2004Bush's Record on Terror: As Gloomy as Drum Portrays?Kevin Drum's point about "silly rhetorical jousting" is fair enough. So let's turn straight to the substance of his post. Here's Kevin's synopsis of Bush's record (his language in italics): "By dedicating too few troops to Afghanistan in 2002, he [Bush] allowed Osama bin Laden and much of al-Qaeda to escape. They are still on the run, and al-Qaeda is by all accounts larger and more dangerous now than they were on 9/11." That's one way to look at it--but I fear it's not a judicious view. Put differently, it is at least debatable whether al-Qaeda's operational capabilities are stronger today than they were on 9/11. Here's one take from Jason Burke, author of Al-Qaeda: Casting a Shadow of Terror: The military component of the war on terrorism has had some significant success. A high proportion of those who associated with bin Laden between 1996 and 2001 are now either dead or in prison. Bin Laden's own ability to commission and instigate terror attacks has been severely curtailed. Enhanced cooperation between intelligence organizations around the world and increased security budgets have made it much harder for terrorists to move their funds across borders or to successfully organize and execute attacks. And, of course, al-Q has been denied their state-sanctioned home-base in Afghanistan. Now, of course, there was the IISS report that indicated Iraq had contributed to al-Q potentially being able to recruit more easily. Until American-backed forces toppled the government in Afghanistan, a few months after the September 11th attacks, the countryÕs Islamist regime, the Taliban, had played host to al-Qaeda and its terrorist training camps. The regime change in Afghanistan, and the capture or killing of around half of al-QaedaÕs 30 most senior figures, severely constrained the groupÕs operations. However, the IISSÕs annual Strategic Survey reckons that al-Qaeda still has more than 18,000 ÒgraduatesÓ of the terror camps it can call onÑand its recruitment has accelerated as a result of the invasion of Iraq. Al-QaedaÕs leader, Osama bin Laden, has apparently continued to evade AmericaÕs attempts to catch him. He and his henchmen are currently believed to be hiding on the Afghanistan-Pakistan border or in Pakistani cities. But really, what empirical evidence do we have that legions of the previously uncommitted have joined the al-Qaeda network specifically as a result of our intervention in Iraq? Little, finally. Regardless, the number of such persons has probably already peaked. And, especially now with the sovereignty handover accomplished, is now likely diminishing. And how can we be so sure, say, that a Gore administration would have nabbed and/or killed half of al-Qs senior figures by now? Smart money, I'd wager, would have the Bush Adminstration likely more successful on this front (fewer limitations on military and other covert actions based on relative perceptions of the legal constraints and/or concerns of allies). All told, here is probably one of the fairest appraisals I've seen to date re: whether al-Q is stronger or weaker of late: Ultimately, the debate about Al QaedaÕs current status centers on the important question of whether it is growing or declining in strength. In the wake of the Afghanistan and Iraq military campaigns, when the predicted terrorist attacks on the United States and its interests did not materialize, what is the current level of threat to the United States? Most believe that the denial of safe havens and arrests of senior leaders have seriously crippled the organization when judged by its earlier form. However, it may be evolving into something new. So yes, with much of its senior leadership decapitated--al-Q is, much like a cornered animal--likelier to lash out in more unpredictable fashion. And, of course, without their relatively safe homebase --al-Qaeda will become increasingly decentralized--so harder to detect sometimes. New leaders, heretofore unknown, are emerging. But can one fairly hold this against Bush? It was, of course, a no-brainer to go into Afghanistan--despite the very real risk that some al-Qaeda fighters would escape and scatter. And that al-Qaeda would, post any Afghanistan campaign, begin to morph into something more decentralized and 'affiliate' like. It should be noted too, Kevin exaggerates that "much of al-Qaeda" (I presume he means the leaders) have escaped. As the passages quoted above showcase--UBL and his No. 2 notwithstanding--at least half of these high value al-Q terrorists are dead or in custody (including KSM, the mastermind of 9/11). Drum and his readers will cry--Tora Bora! How did buffoonish Bush let him get away! But, deep down, I wonder if they believe an Al Gore military operation in Afghanistan would have been more robust in terms of boots on the ground and chasing the enemy through the hinterlands of southeastern Afghanistan. The answer, very probably, is no. Bottom line: Bush's record on al-Q is significantly better than Kevin portrays. Kevin: "In the past three years he has done nothing to reform an intelligence community that is widely agreed to be fatally broken." Mostly true. Realize too, amidst all the heated talk about "intelligence reform" (as if one just waves a wand and, voila, it's done)--that it's a pretty complicated affair to systematically reform the way we conduct our intelligence. Here's more worth reading if you're curious. All told however, given our dismal intel failures, some serious heavy lifting has to be accomplished in this area. And soon. But Kevin, what would Kerry, very specifically, do in this area that you are so excited about? Appoint a 'czar' or such? Kevin: "Postwar planning for Iraq was criminally negligent. The result has been chaos, troop overstretch, a violent and growing insurgency, and an increasingly safe haven for terrorist camps." This is where I agree the most with Kevin--the postwar planning and assumptions were disgracefully poor and/or overly optimistic. And it wasn't just a case of hindsight being 20-20. Drawing down the entire Iraqi Army was real dumb. Jacobin style calls for total de-Baathification were too fervent. Too few troops. Abu Ghraib. And so on. But we have made significant headway of late containing the Sadr insurgency and the insurgency in the Sunni Triangle. So I'm not as sure as Kevin is that the insurgency is "growing". And is Iraq really an "increasingly safe haven for terrorist camps"? Ask Zarqawi his views....I bet he feels like he's under some pretty significant pressure right now. Certainly he doesn't feel like he dwells in a "safe haven", no? Regardless, the jury is still out on that Q. Kevin: "He has refused to negotiate with North Korea, despite their clear desire to do a deal. As a result, North Korea is close to being able to mass produce atomic weapons". Their "clear desire to do a deal"!?! Heh. Pray tell more about all this 'let's make a deal' bonhomie emanating from Pyongyang? This is a classic example of why I fear a Democratic foreign policy team in power. Like Drum, they are often too generous about our adversaries real intentions. And so are more likely to get bamboozled. Remember, it's the Clinton administration that got snookered on the whole NoKo issue with the 1994 Agreed Framework deal. There was much excitement, recall, about the Agreed Framework. But there was a little problem with all the relief in the air--the North Koreans most likely never intended to honor the Agreement--as former Ambassador to South Korea James Laney argues here. It was classically feckless Clintonian (Kerryesque?) foreign policy making. Kick the problem down the road some. Someone else will pick up the pieces. Bonus: Poll numbers will go up because it looks like you solved a foreign policy crisis. Note too that Washington's policy towards NoKo has often been more conciliatory than many like Drum claim... Kevin: "Domestic security is a joke. Bush has shown little interest in funding serious port security, hardening of chemical and nuclear plants, or improving local police and fire response." Hmmm. There is, to be sure, still much to do. But if domestic security is such an out and out "joke"--why has there been not a single attack on the American homeland for almost three years now? Just plain good luck? Of course not. Many attacks have been averted due to this Administration's hard work. Here's more. More broadly, it is clear that America has become better at combating terror since September 11th. Intelligence agencies are communicating better with policymakers; new checks have been put in place at borders; and the country now has an almost single-minded focus on stopping attacks. So far it has worked: since September 11th, no large-scale terror attack has occurred on American soil. Many diplomatic dealings these days also revolve around terror. This week, America and Britain introduced a draft United Nations resolution that would compel member states to disrupt efforts by any group to transfer weapons of mass destruction to terrorists. And on Thursday March 25th, Tony Blair, the British prime minister, flew to Tripoli for a brief meeting with Muammar Qaddafi, in recognition of the Libyan dictatorÕs apparent renunciation of banned weapons and terrorism. To be sure, I'll be picking up (like everyone else) my copy of Steve Flynn's America the Vulnerable... There is much to do yet. But calling domestic security an out and out "joke" is just not fair. So Bush's record is a bit better, isn't it, than Drum portrays? More on the specific shortcomings of a prospective Kerry foreign policy soon. UPDATE: Drezner has two excellent posts up well worth reading that are each somewhat related to the above post. Posted by Gregory at July 19, 2004 06:55 PMComments
Re: Bush and Al-Q: Have we taken proper revenge for 9-11, and are now simply seeking to prevent future murders, or Has proper vengeance for 9-11 not been had? Posted by: martin at July 19, 2004 07:45 PM | Permalink to this commentGuess not. Look for another war if Bush wins in Nov. http://www.nytimes.com/2004/07/19/politics/campaign/19CND-BUSH.html?hp Have no idea where we are going to get the troops unless we reinstate the draft. Posted by: dennv at July 19, 2004 07:54 PM | Permalink to this commentMost informed analysts seem to believe that the war in Iraq has helped Al-Q gain legitimacy and support among muslims. Remember that we are talking about a miniscule number of individuals here - but by exploiting resentment and allying with local groups Al-Q was able to reinvent itself after the Afghanistan campaign. From See Also This week Chris Reason spoke to Dr Rohan Gunaratna the head of Terrorism Research at Singapore's Institute of Defence and Strategic Studies and the author of 'Inside al-Qaeda'. Dr Gunaratna was speaking at this week's Terrorism and National Security Conference in Sydney. Chris Reason: We've been promised by the Bush government and the Howard government that the world would be a safer place, after the war on Iraq. Do you think that's the case? Dr Rohan Gunaratna: The threat of terrorism has increased several folds after US invasion of Iraq. It is because the Muslim communities are angry and there's tremendous resentment and as a result of that we have seen the terrorist groups and extremist groups have been able to recruit and engineer support from the Muslim communities and in turn existing terrorist groups have grown bigger and several new groups are emerging in the post-Iraq environment. Chris Reason: You raise an important point there because while some western leaders have talked about cutting the head off al-Qaeda and we know that many of the leaders have either been killed or captured in these last two years and yet it seems that the number of operatives, for example in somewhere like Spain, are hugeÉ al-Qaeda is still very active and very organised. Dr Rohan Gunaratna: Al-Qaeda which was a small group of 4000 members have know graduated and become umbrella organisation the post 9-11 al-Qaeda is working with about 40 different Islamist groups in Asia, Africa, Middle East and the Caucuses and al-Qaeda has become a force multi-player. Al-Qaeda is working with Jemaah Islamiah, al-Qaeda is working with al-Sirat al-Mustaqim in Morocco, al-Qaeda is working with al-ansae Mujaheddin in Chechnya, al-Qaeda is working with al-Ansar al-Islam in Iraq, so as a result of that al-Qaeda's power has grown significantly in the past two years. And today many of the local Islamic groups they are following al-Qaeda's mission and vision. For example in south-east Asia, the terrorist groups never did mass casualty attacks, never did suicide attacks never wanted to take a plane and crash it into a strategic target. But as a result of the JI-al-Qaeda link, today JI members are behaving like al-Qaeda members doing suicide attacks doing mass casualty attacks. So in many ways al-Qaeda has been able to infect these local groups with its ideology in the past two years. Posted by: amoeba at July 19, 2004 08:00 PM | Permalink to this commentLet's contrast the standards Greg is using for his judgments here. For judging Bush's policies: "But really, what empirical evidence do we have that legions of the previously uncommitted have joined the al-Qaeda network specifically as a result of our intervention in Iraq?"
"But, deep down, I wonder if they believe an Al Gore military operation in Afghanistan would have been more robust in terms of boots on the ground and chasing the enemy through the hinterlands of southeastern Afghanistan. The answer, very probably, is no."
Strikes me as kind of intellectually unserious, though. Posted by: Swopa at July 19, 2004 08:01 PM | Permalink to this commentPicking up on amoeba's post, I think the very real danger is that we are reducing the space between the radical Islamists and the general Muslim population. It's amazing to think, by the way, how much our success in Afghanistan was actually a blow to political Islam, as the worldwide call to jihad was met with stony silence. Then, we invaded Iraq with naive assumptions and a sorry plan. And so good policy badly executed has become bad policy. Oops. Posted by: praktike at July 19, 2004 08:27 PM | Permalink to this commentSetting aside the alternate history of a Gore Presidency for a moment, I strongly suspect that no matter how many troops we sent into Afghanistan, UBL would have found a way to escape to the Northwestern Frontier States. Critics of Bush on this point are simply talking out of their hindquarters. The Soviets sent in an invasion force of 110,000 Mechanized Rifle, Airborne, and Naval Infantry troops and they were never able to get a handle on Afghanistan. The entire U.S. Army in being wouldn't have been able to seal the Durand Line, not to mention watch the Iranian-Afghan frontier. The entire front from the Khyber Pass to the Hindu Kush is a maze of thousands of smuggling trails that go back thousands of years. Each trail is dotted with small hamlets, villiages, towns, and of course, caves and river canyons. Bin Laden was always going to be able to escape. But that didn't stop Drum from posting this fatuous nonsense: "By dedicating too few troops to Afghanistan in 2002, he allowed Osama bin Laden and much of al-Qaeda to escape. They are still on the run, and al-Qaeda is by all accounts larger and more dangerous now than they were on 9/11." Drum is simply peddling bullshit, and he is doing so because he knows far more about the workings of the Democratic Party in Washington than he does about the movement of AQ in Afghanistan. Let us examine why Drum shouldn't have written what he wrote here. There was a reason we went into Afghanistan "light". We intended to use the Northern Alliance troops to take most of the country. We did not go in heavy like the Red Army did because that would arouse enmity among the local Pathans, Uzbeks, Dari, and Punjabis. The last thing we wanted was for Afghanistan to become a hotbed of anti-American tribalism. So, we went in light, paid off everybody in sight (except Gulbuddin Hekmatyar), and rented an army for the campaign. We provided air support, the NA provided the bulk of the troops. Drum doesn't understand; it was their country. And we have always kept a light footprint on the ground there for one reason; to assure the Afghans that we have no ambitions on their territory. We know what happened to the Brits and the Soviets, and we didn't want to make the same mistake. It does us no good to hunt for bin Laden in a country whose population has become hostile to us. The Afghans tolerate us there because we make it clear that we are chasing the Arabs, not them, and that when the bin Ladenists have been destroyed, we will go. Drum is on firmer ground in his criticisms of the Iraqi reconstruction. Getting rid of the army was stupid, and I think that Bremer should get most of the blame for that. OTOH, Bremer did not have much of a choice. The Army hadn't been paid by Saddam for some time; many of the enlisted guys had vanished into the ether. He did much good in the time he was there, but I would have preferred that the Americans buy the Generals and the RG types. If they knew that they would have prominent, well paying positions in the new regime a lot of them would have thrown in with the GC. Zarqawi would still have come, however. The fact is; all too many of the president's critics engage in the polemics they do not out of a principled position, but out of partisanship. Unlike Gregory, I actually believe that Gore would have made just as robust a campaign against the Taliban as did Bush. Why? Gore is a politician, that's why. He would not have let the candy-ass wing of his party turn him into Jimmy Carter, not with the Republicans breathing down his neck. I have every reason to believe that he would have done Iraq, as well. And I have every reason to believe that every one from Josh Marshall to Matthew Yglesias would be as pro-war as the day is long. There is nothing so craven as a liberal Democrat whose party is in power. Posted by: section9 at July 19, 2004 08:37 PM | Permalink to this comment"The fact is; all too many of the president's critics engage in the polemics they do not out of a principled position, but out of partisanship. . . ." Followed at the end of the next paragraph by: . . . There is nothing so craven as a liberal Democrat whose party is in power." LOL. Thank heaven you're not tainted by that evil poison of partisanship. ;-) Posted by: Swopa at July 19, 2004 09:03 PM | Permalink to this commentKevin said AQ was able to escape from AFG because we didn't have enough troops on the ground. While I think there is some truth to that, there were other factors. Zarqawi Sunni friends are way outnumbered by his Kurdish & Shiite enemies. And btw, if Gore was prez, we'd still be negotiating with the Taliban; Madeleine Albright would be escalating to harsh language. Posted by: jeff at July 19, 2004 11:46 PM | Permalink to this commentIn 2000 I voted for the candidate who proposed the greatest increase in U.S. military spending: Al Gore. In the summer of 2001 Senator Joseph Leiberman warned that the Bush administration's tax cuts could threaten future U.S. military spending. Neoconservative columnist Robert Kagan also complained about the inadequate defense budget in the Washington Post. I haven't yet decided whether to vote for Mr. Kerry (though as a Democrat, I will either vote for Mr. Kerry or not at all), but do the Bush administration defenders commenting here really believe that, given al Qaeda's war against us, the Bush administration is spending enough money on homeland security and on the U.S. military? Posted by: Arjun at July 20, 2004 12:56 AM | Permalink to this commentDid Dick Cheney's connections with Iran help prevent us taking action against them? http://quote.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=10000103&sid=a_yrpJ1ahjhw&refer=news_index http://www.reuters.com/newsArticle.jhtml?type=topNews&storyID=5709462 Does ANYONE else find it disturbing that the two nations most directly involved in 9/11 (beside Afganistan) have been given a pass? Saudia Arabia and Iran are closely connected to 9/11 and yet, we do nothing to them and go after Iraq instead. Why? I'm not saying we should of attacked Iran or Saudia Arabia but why haven't we focused our efforts (including intelligence/Special Ops) on them? Surely the war in Iraq has diverted important resources away from focusing on Iran ... Posted by: questevery at July 20, 2004 02:32 AM | Permalink to this commentWhy did we go into Iraq? We had no legal entry to either Saudi Arabia or Iran. Today the US could put forces on the Iraq-Iran border, the Iraq-Afghanistan border, and in the Persian Gulf. We can add external pressure to the internal pressure should we so choose. We could do something similar with Syria, but Iran is the more immediate threat. There is the thought that pressuring Syria would pressure Iran, but time appears to be of the essence and a detour through LebanonÕs Beka Valley would be productive but time-consuming. Finally, Old Europe is not quite ready for joint, overt US, Israeli, Jordanian operations and might put up a snit. Posted by: The Kid at July 20, 2004 04:06 AM | Permalink to this commentThereÕs an important issue with Pakistan Ð spin-up time. It took almost two years for President Pervez Musharraf to consolidate control of his security and defense forces, but it was probably the discovery of Dr. KahnÕs role in nuclear proliferation that gave him the political cover to move units to start controlling the Pakistan-Afghanistan border. Throughout 2002 and 2003 Taliban and al Qaeda remnants had sanctuary in the border area. As soon as US forces got too close, the bad guys would scamper across the border. That began to change early this year, and there are even reports that US forces cross back and forth, although every reported instance is a Òmistake.Ó This is not intended to be partisan, even though I donÕt like him, but I think that GoreÕs response to Afghanistan would have taken longer and involved a huge footprint. With Shinseki as the Army COS, the plan would have been to move several divisions into whatever central Asian countries would have us, and mass for attack. I say this because Gore would not have had a SecDef as knowledgeable or forceful as Rumsfeld; the military would have continued its mistrust of special forces and insistence on enough US ground forces to guarantee a win. It may not have been as large as Gulf War I, but it would have limited special forces to reconnaissance, much in the same manner that StorminÕ Norman did. This is not a criticism of Gore Ð the whole thing would have been out of his hands. Posted by: The Kid at July 20, 2004 04:33 AM | Permalink to this commentI'll just comment on one or two things before I go to bed, which I need to do soon, because I really can't be completely dead at work. "But really, what empirical evidence do we have that legions of the previously uncommitted have joined the al-Qaeda network specifically as a result of our intervention in Iraq? Little, finally." Well, perhaps you're right. But I am not exactly sure what you are looking for, what would satisfy you. There seems to be an accepted belief that even if a lot of these guys are dead or captured, there will be other people to take their places. And in more than one place, I've read that there have been new recruits to AQ. So the administration can rightly take credit for killing some of these people, but it can't ignore the fact that the problem isn't over and could very well get worse over time. Besides, surely you have seen the reports that a lot of the Arab world is angry that we did what we did. Basically, I can't see how it's a great stretch of the imagination to consider the fact that this could propel more people in these dangerous areas of the world to join AQ. I'm also not sure how you can conclude that the membership has peaked. I assume you are talking about the membership of AQ, not specially the insurgency in Iraq, by the way. I will try to come back tomorrow and comment again, for it seems like the main author on the site is bizarrely anti-Kerry. I hate to use questions as replies a lot of the time, but you really think Kerry is unable to handle the war on terror and its various problems? He's not Kucinich or Sharpton, for Christ's sake. You can disagree with his methods on a substantive level, but to pepper your comments with the implication that he would practically bend over for terrorists is absurd. But at least he seems to be serious. I can't say the same for some of the people in the comments section, hoewver. Calling Kerry and Edwards "pussies" and things of that nature doesn't reveal anything except an absence of deep thought, something seen in people like Rush Limbaugh. Posted by: Brian at July 20, 2004 08:02 AM | Permalink to this commentWell, this is definitely an example of why you need to quickly read over what you write. I think the first and second sentences of my last pagagraph were slightly unclear. What I meant to say was that even though some of the things here don't seem right, at least you appear to be willing to engage in serious discussion. Posted by: Brian at July 20, 2004 08:05 AM | Permalink to this commentTo Arjun - anent "Do you believe the Bush Administration is really doing enough on homeland security?" You have to appreciate that is a bottomless pit, and there is no limit to what could be spent. Suppose terrorists decide to torch U.S. filling stations? Or maybe just bomb a different interstate highway bridge every day. There is no way you could spend "enough" to defend the U.S. That is precisely why we are in Afghanistan and Iraq... If we are successful on the battlefronts we have chosen--as it appears we are--it will never be necessary to protect every bridge and skyscraper at home. ..... Some straws in the wind which haven't had enought attention: The Saudis are now killing al-Quaeda for us. Reports from Iraq today and yesterday say "foreigners" are leaving, since Iraqis do not like the carnage they have had visited upon their civilians, and are reporting them to the interim government. Iran, now restless with talk in the NY Times they will be next, after Bush wins, are demonstrating the arrest and deportation of al-Quaedas. ..... The wall in Israel has stopped something like 106 of the latest 109 suicide bombers. Karsai and Allawi enjoy 60% and 80% support of their own people for their present governments. Dr. Khan is out of business, as is Khaddafi. The kleptomania on the East River has been outed. Etc., etc. We are looking at a fantastic success for the Bush foreign policy, generally not yet perceived in all quarters, (though beginning to be perceived with horror by the Democrats), and a policy which will likely see several additional dominos fall as well. The map has been redrawn. Clearly, those 850 have not died in vain. Seldom have so many owed so much to so few. Posted by: exguru at July 20, 2004 08:39 AM | Permalink to this commentKid: Amoeba: Today's Washington Post column by Senators Kyl and Leiberman is reassuring and makes me feel more willing to vote for Mr. Kerry. The anti-war left may be as strong as it's been in a long time, but the opposite view will also have a voice, in the form of a third Committee on the Present Danger. However, the Committee doesn't seem to actually exist -- there's no website. Posted by: Arjun at July 20, 2004 08:33 PM | Permalink to this commentIt is shallow to simply say that the disolution of the Iraqi army was a mistake. How would you have proposed reimposing discipline on hundreds of thousands of Shia conscripts who had deserted and gone back to their homes? Would they have accepted the Sunni, Baathist officer corp? Would the majority of the Shia population have accepted the American presence if the same instruments of their oppression were left intact? Reconstituting the army could easily have sparked a civil war. Their were obvious consequences to the disolution of the army but to pretend that it was done for no good reason or that trying to immediately reconstitute it would have been a certainly better course is intellectually dishonest. Posted by: William at July 21, 2004 12:55 AM | Permalink to this commentBrian Cute "limbaugh" reference...typical of the idiots that have never listened, yet think that they can opine...
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